The bloodsucking arthropod bite is the cofactor in the transmission of infectious diseases to man and animals. They release with saliva powerful anti-homeostatic and immuno-modulators that favor the replication and the establishment of the infective pathogen. The transmission depend on the close contact of the child with a seropositive mother (or relatives) whose infective saliva is used to relieve itching and scratching at the arthropod bite's sites. Vector-borne diseases
are caused by parasites, bacteria or viruses transmitted by the hematophagous arthropods bite (mainly ticks and mosquitoes). The past decades there were emergence of new diseases or re-emergence of existing diseases, due to changes in their epidemiology (i.e. geographical distribution, prevalence, pathogenicity and vector-capacity). Besides, human factors, such as travel with pets, changes in human habitats, social and leisure activities have their input, but climate changes also have a direct impact on arthropod vectors. Vaccinations are up to date for diseases prevalent in the area, but what about diseases beyond vaccination? Wear light-colored, long-sleeved shirts and long trousers, tucked into socks or boots, and the use of insect repellent on exposed skin and clothing to protect from being bitten by mosquitoes, sandflies and/or ticks. This review discussed the vectors, diseases and feasible insecticidal control.