This paper aims to evaluate the impact of maintenance and rehabilitation treatments on long-term asphalt pavement performance using the data collected in the Specific Pavement Studies: SPS-3 and SPS-5 of the Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) program. Pavement performance indicators include fatigue cracking, longitudinal cracking, rutting, and roughness. The SPS-3 concentrates on the effect of four maintenance treatments include: thin overlay, slurry seal, crack seal, and chip seal. The SPS-5 concentrates on rehabilitation methods like overlay thickness (51 and 127mm), asphalt overlay materials (recycled hot mix asphalt (HMA) compared with virgin mix), and pre-overlay treatments (with or without milling). All of the research sites were wet and dry with no freeze as each of them had a climate that was exactly similar to Egypt's. Statistical methods such as boxplot, average long-term effectiveness increment, annual variation, and paired t-test were used. According to maintenance, the results indicated that chip seal and thin overlay had the greatest impact on long-term cracking improvements. Long-term roughness and rutting improvements were best achieved with a thin overlay. In terms of fatigue cracking and roughness, the effectiveness of crack sealing was the worst. For rehabilitation, the results showed that recycled had no influence on fatigue cracking for thin overlays. As expected, the use of recycled was found to be effective in decreasing the rutting and roughness potential of thick overlays. The climate had no obvious impact on the development of rutting while wet climates provided higher fatigue cracking and longitudinal progress for recycled sections.