Sustainable preservation of the historic districts is a prerequisite for achieving improvements in the quality of the nations' life in environmental, cultural, and economic aspects. It is a powerful alternative to the historic districts' demolishing or deteriorating which usually occur as a result of neglect and lack of awareness of these areas' value and what they represent in history. In the United States, and precisely in the Southeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions, Williamsburg district in 1607 was the first permanent New World English colony. The preservation project of Williamsburg aimed to re-create the physical colonial environment and to facilitate education about the origins of the idea of America. At the late 20th century, Colonial Williamsburg has become one of the most popular tourist destinations, as the preservation project managed to make Williamsburg a model of historic and architectural authenticity. The objective of the present work is to review and analyze the preservation strategy used in Williamsburg district and its transformation to a model of historic and architectural authenticity. In addition, the research assesses the environmental performance of Williamsburg district to conclude the effect of the environmental performance on the preservation projects.