Humanity faces the problem of climate control and how to create a suitable climate for man life
since antiquity, for that when human had built a shelter he took care about two elements: the first
was a protection from climate and the second was creating a suitable indoor climate for his
convenience. Wherefore, the building form and design through the ages offered so many different
solutions which suitable for every historical period, every environment and location for achieving
that goal, therefore we find that building in any climate regions often shows the accumulation of
ages experiences which may be up to centuries of trying to achieve the ideal environmental form
and design, and we observe that clearly in Islamic architecture.
Muslim architect was a proficient in invention of many traditional vocabularies which make him
achieves the thermal convenience and helps him to overcome the climatic problems he faces in
Desert regions, which considered having a special nature due to the different harsh climates they
have.
No doubt that Arabian world have so many economic and social changes in order to the stormy
technological development of west , which makes the contemporary architecture ignores these
traditional vocabularies , and replaced it by the mechanical solutions which are not suitable for
environmental conditions although it proves its failure and high cost, especially in Desert regions ,
in addition to use a foreign materials and building construction methods which are not suitable for
our society and its environmental , climatic , social , cultural and economic conditions , so we
have to research in our traditional storage finding traditional solutions , and specify which of it can
be applied , and which can be developed to be suitable for the environmental and social conditions.
Recently, many architects tried to use traditional techniques which proved its efficiency in treating
with the special conditions of arid regions, so we find that Hassan Fathy started these attempts at
the middle of the past century, after that these attempts increased gradually till it becomes an
environmental direction imposed by crises of energy and climate changes, therefore, architects
must study and develop these techniques to use it in contemporary architecture of arid regions.