Comparative education has changed over the past decades, which may refer to several reasons and repercussions, including scientific, technological, and informational changes and the effects of globalization, which led to the emergence of new issues and questions related to the changing concepts of time and place and the nature of (the other) in comparative educational studies.The current research is considered to be one of the theoretical / basic researches in the field of comparative education, and thus it seeks to contribute to supporting the knowledge structure of comparative education depending on the critical method. In this regard, the research studies the nature of the global context surrounding and influencing comparative education in the twenty-first century, the nature of knowledge development in comparative education, and the effects of time-space dualism on comparative education in an attempt to reach some proposed insights for developing knowledge in comparative education in the light of time-space dualism.