Background: The critical size calvarial bone defect is a
challenging problem in the craniomaxillofacial field. Till now,
the golden standard for its reconstruction is the autografts
which harbors multiple drawbacks as availability and morbidity.
So, the use of Allogenic Adipose Derived Stem Cells
seeded on Demineralized bone matrix (DBM) scaffolds offer
an already made new tissue regenerate that can be stored in
bone banks and used when needed.
Material and Methods: 32 adult male albino rats with
surgically created Calvarial bone defect (8mm) in the Rt.
Parietal bones were divided into 4 groups; group I, control;
group 2; reconstructed by DBM; group III; ADSC seeded on
DBM and group IV; ADSCs seeded on prolene mesh. Evaluated
8 weeks post-operative by Gross Evaluation Score (proposed
in this study), 3D CT scans with objective analysis by a
software (ImageJ 1.47v) and histologically.
Results: Bone healing is evident 8 weeks post implantation
with bone formation 75-100% in 62.5% of the defects that is
reconstructed by ADSCs and DBM.
Conclusion: This study presents a beneficial method for
reconstruction of critical size calvarial bone defects by an
already made non-immunogenic new tissue regenerate.