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68417

Impact of laminations on physical properties of the Bahariya ormation, Egypt

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Last updated: 25 Dec 2024

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Abstract

The type locality of the Bahariya Formation in Egypt is the Bahariya Oasis, which lies about 280 km southwest of Cairo, Egypt. It is composed mainly of sandstones which deposited in fluvio-marine to shallow marine environment. The high grain density values recorded for some parts of the Bahariya Formation is due to the existence of iron oxides and pyrite presented as pore  filling and/or cementing materials. The primary sedimentary structures like wavy and zigzag laminations severely affect the majority of rock petrophysical properties.  The rock laminations are considered as the main source of reservoir rock anisotropy. The relation between pore specific surface (Spor) and permeability is positively improved in the laminated rock samples rather than in the non-laminated. There is a robust and close relationship between porosity and bulk density for non-laminated samples (R2 = 0.86), while for laminated samples, the relation is very weak due to the presence of iron oxides and pyrite laminas. Permeability anisotropy is highly scattered, but generally it increases with depth. Higher permeability anisotropy supports the horizontal migration of reservoir fluids. Permeability anisotropy is most likely due to the existence of microfractures and/or laminations which are mostly existed in the upper part of the Bahariya Formation. The low values of electrical resistivity are showing by laminated samples in depth more than 3516m. It most likely due to the presence of conductive solids like iron rich cement or matrix and rock pore space architectures. However, the mineral composition of some few laminas is free of iron oxides (depth=3515m).  The electrical resistivity anisotropy has high values for laminated samples relative to the non-laminated ones. It increases, in general, with depth as a trend of highly scattering data points. This anisotropy is responding by the magnitude of the magnetic susceptibility anisotropy. The non-laminated samples have low magnetic susceptibility relative to the samples with laminations. The magnetic susceptibility of the Bahariya samples is apparently not related to irreducible water saturation (Swi). The main reason for irreducible water saturation variations is the amount and type of clay minerals inside the rock pore spaces. The clay mode of occurrence is usually pore filling, lining, bridging or grain coating. The displacement pressure (Pd) measured for the Bahariya samples are ranged from 10 up to 5000 Psi. The pore surface area of non-laminated samples shows a close and reliable relationship with displacement pressure (R2 = 0.97), while the pore surface area of the laminated samples has no relation with the displacement pressure (R2 = 0. 09). The samples expose mean hydraulic pore radius (R50 &R35) less than 0.04 µm are considered as bad reservoir or even sealing rocks or permeability barrier irrespective to laminations.  

DOI

10.21608/jades.2015.68417

Keywords

Bahariya Formation, Specific Surface Area, Permeability, Laminated Sandstone, Anisotropy, Capillary Pressure

Authors

First Name

Abdel Moktader

Last Name

El Sayed

MiddleName

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Affiliation

Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

Email

moktader76@yahoo.com

City

Cairo

Orcid

-

First Name

Nahla

Last Name

El Sayed

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Exploration Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, Egypt

Email

bnahlamoktader@yahoo.com

City

Cairo

Orcid

-

Volume

16

Article Issue

1

Related Issue

10335

Issue Date

2015-12-01

Receive Date

2015-07-29

Publish Date

2015-12-01

Page Start

67

Page End

102

Print ISSN

1110-8770

Online ISSN

2314-5471

Link

https://jades.journals.ekb.eg/article_68417.html

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https://jades.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=68417

Order

6

Type

Original Article

Type Code

1,097

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Journal of Egyptian Academic Society for Environmental Development. D, Environmental Studies

Publication Link

https://jades.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

Impact of laminations on physical properties of the Bahariya ormation, Egypt

Details

Type

Article

Created At

22 Jan 2023