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REGULATIONS ON GENETICALLY MODIFIED MICROORGANISMS & THEIR RELATION TO BIOTERRORISM IN INDIA

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Last updated: 04 Jan 2025

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Abstract

Covid-19, a virus-driven pandemic, has shown the world the possible dangers posed by microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, rickettsia, fungi, and their toxins. However, genetically engineered microorganisms are helpful in various biosciences fields, including medication, horticulture, and fundamental investigation into life processes. Among these, some genetically altered microorganisms have drastic potential to cause harm to humans, and the environment, like the current coronavirus pandemic has shaken the world with fatalities caused by it worldwide and crashed the global economy. On the one hand, genetically engineered organisms help understand the ultrastructure of these organisms and as a tool to combat the disease caused by them. On the other, the increasing research on this also poses a threat to the occurrence of pandemics throughout the world. In India, genetically altered microorganisms are regulated by the Rules, 1989 under sections 6,8 and 25 of the Environment Act, 1986. Bioterrorism is the systematic and deliberate deployment of hazardous organisms such as bacteria, viruses, or toxins to spread infectious diseases on a massive scale to wipe out a vast population.
The global incidents of the recent twenty years presented that the danger of biological fighting isn't a fictional thing yet a harsh truth. Hazardous microbes can be utilised in bioterrorism by seeing flare-ups brought about by microorganisms. So, there is a need to improve the countermeasures to tackle the spread of infectious diseases. This review covers the various regulations for genetically altered microorganisms in India regarding their sale, import-export storage, and creation, emphasising regulating bodies; their constitution, and application forms for the registrations and approval for research on such microorganisms, and this assessment presents a clear overview of the country's probable biothreats, current laws, and regulations to combat such incidents, with a significant necessity for their execution, and biodefense measures for readiness and defence, in favour of making India a bioterror-free country.

DOI

10.21608/bfsa.2022.271488

Keywords

Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs), Genetically Engineered(GE), Biosafety Level(BSL), Bioterrorism, Biowarfare

Authors

First Name

Gurvinder

Last Name

Singh

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India

Email

gurvinder0036@gmail.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Vikas

Last Name

Budhwar

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India

Email

vikaasbudhwar@yahoo.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Manjusha

Last Name

Choudhary

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India

Email

manjushachoudhary@gmail.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Sikander

Last Name

Singh

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Aimil Pharmaceuticals Ltd., New Delhi, India

Email

sikandersingh1477@gmail.com

City

-

Orcid

-

Volume

45

Article Issue

2

Related Issue

37882

Issue Date

2022-12-01

Receive Date

2022-07-14

Publish Date

2022-12-01

Page Start

565

Page End

584

Print ISSN

1110-0052

Online ISSN

3009-7703

Article File

BFSA_Volume 45_Issue 2_Pages 565-584.pdf

PDF . 1.1MB

Link

https://bpsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_271488.html

Detail API

https://bpsa.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=271488

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271,488

Type

Original Article

Type Code

1,096

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University

Publication Link

https://bpsa.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

REGULATIONS ON GENETICALLY MODIFIED MICROORGANISMS & THEIR RELATION TO BIOTERRORISM IN INDIA

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Type

Article

Created At

22 Jan 2023