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239585

ANTIMICROBIAL AND SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS OF MISWAK, NANO-SILVER DRUG, AND CHLORHEXIDINE ALONE AND THEIR COMBINATIONS UPON CERTAIN ORAL MICROBIOTA

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Last updated: 25 Dec 2024

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Abstract

The current study target to compare the antimicrobial efficacy of miswak, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), and chlorhexidine with different concentrations alone and in combinations with each other against two bacteria Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and one fungus Candida albicans (C. albicans). Manually prepared miswak extract, chlorhexidine gluconate (0.2% and 0.12% concentrations), and AgNPs (20 to 50 nm) were used. The following combinations were prepared and their synergistic effect were evaluated: AgNPs with chlorhexidine, miswak with chlorhexidine, and miswak with AgNPs. The antimicrobial efficiencies were defined using agar well diffusion method. The mean difference was tested using ANOVA. When tested materials were used alone, the mean diameter of inhibition zone (DIZ) of AgNPs, chlorhexidine and miswak against S. aureus and S. mutans were significantly higher than C. albicans. The AgNPs had greatest effect than the other two tested materials (AgNPs> chlorhexidine> miswak) upon tested bacteria. When tested combinations  are used, the mean DIZ of AgNPs with miswak extract combination was significantly highest more than miswak with chlorhexidine 0.2% or 0.12% combinations at all the tested microbe levels. Mean DIZ of AgNPs with 0.2% chlorhexidine was significantly highest more miswak with 0.2% or 0.12% chlorhexidine combinations at all tested microbe levels. Finally, the combination of AgNPs with miswak extract has superior antimicrobial efficacy when compared to the other tested combinations. Therefore, AgNPs, and miswak extract can be used as a promising antimicrobial biomaterial in dental applications.

DOI

10.21608/bfsa.2022.239585

Keywords

AgNPs, miswak extract, chlorhexidine, Combinations, antimicrobial efficacy

Authors

First Name

Sakeenabi

Last Name

Basha

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif 26571, Saudi Arabia

Email

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City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Amal

Last Name

Ashour

MiddleName

Adnan

Affiliation

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Oral Pathology Division, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif 26571, Saudi Arabia

Email

-

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Nayef

Last Name

Felemban

MiddleName

H.

Affiliation

Preventive Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif 26571, Saudi Arabia

Email

-

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Enas

Last Name

Enan

MiddleName

T.

Affiliation

Department of Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35511, Egypt

Email

-

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Mohammed

Last Name

Felemban

MiddleName

Fareed

Affiliation

Department of Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery And Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif 26571 ,Saudi Arabia.

Email

-

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Amal

Last Name

Alyamani

MiddleName

Ahmad

Affiliation

Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia.

Email

-

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

and Sanaa

Last Name

Gad El-Rab

MiddleName

M. F.

Affiliation

Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, 71516 Assiut, Egypt

Email

-

City

-

Orcid

-

Volume

45

Article Issue

1

Related Issue

34403

Issue Date

2022-06-01

Receive Date

2021-12-29

Publish Date

2022-06-01

Page Start

437

Page End

449

Print ISSN

1110-0052

Online ISSN

3009-7703

Article File

BFSA_Volume 45_Issue 1_Pages 437-449.pdf

PDF . 1.4MB

Link

https://bpsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_239585.html

Detail API

https://bpsa.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=239585

Order

37

Type

Original Article

Type Code

1,096

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University

Publication Link

https://bpsa.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

ANTIMICROBIAL AND SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS OF MISWAK, NANO-SILVER DRUG, AND CHLORHEXIDINE ALONE AND THEIR COMBINATIONS UPON CERTAIN ORAL MICROBIOTA

Details

Type

Article

Created At

22 Jan 2023