Thirteen compounds; α-amyrin, β-sitosterol, chrysophanol, physcion, aloe-emodin, 6´-O-palmitoyl-3-O -sitosterol glucoside, β-sitosterol-3-O-β-glucoside, aloe-emodin-8-O-β-glucoside, emodin-8-O-β-glucoside, torachryson-8-O-β-glucoside, caffoeyl-9O -glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside and quercetin-3-Orutinoside (rutin) were isolated from the aerial parts of Emex spinosa (L.) Campd. growing in Egypt. Their structures were elucidated using different spectral techniques. The LD50 of various plant extracts were determined. Preliminary biological studies of different extracts revealed that the ethyl acetate extract was the most effective as antibacterial, ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts gave potent anti-inflammatory effects; whereas both ethylacetate and total alcohol extracts exhibited analgesic activities. The best extracts that gave antipyretic activity were ethyl acetate and total alcohol extracts.