Ventilator-associated pneumonia is a common nosocomial infection occurring in patients receiving mechanical ventilation especially in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs). Klebsiella pneumoniae is a multidrug resistant nosocomial pathogen that plays an important role in respiratory tract infection among critically ill patients. This study included 51 pediatric patients had VAP admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) at Assiut university children's hospital through 12-month period from May 2014 to May 2015,
 using quantitative endotracheal aspirate (EA) culture. K. pneumoniae were isolated by culturing onto blood and MacConkey`s agar plates then incubated aerobically at 35°C for 2448 hrs. and identified by morphology and biochemical tests. K. pneumoniae 19 (37.25%) was the most isolated bacteria that causing VAP in PICU. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that K. pneumoniae isolates were resistant to all commercial available antimicrobial agents that used in the PICU.