A prototype RFID-based system has been developed for tracking and monitoring of nuclear materials and waste packages during transport and storage. The system is designed to allow persistent monitoring at all stages, including waste disposal. The system consists of RFID tags attached to the packages with on-board collection of sensors and radiation detectors, a reader network, application software, a database server and web pages. The tags monitor and record critical parameters, including the movement of objects, and environmental conditions of the nuclear material packages in real time. They also provide instant warnings or alarms when pre-set thresholds for the sensors are exceeded. The information collected by the readers is transmitted to a dedicated central database server that can be accessed by authorized users via a secured network. After the data is received, authorized operators can analyze the status of the packages and take the suitable actions for each case including emergencies via a secured website. The on-board memory of the tags allows the materials list and event history data to be associated with the packages throughout their life cycles in storage, transportation, and disposal. The software provides easy-to-use graphical interface.