Introduction: The Occlusal plane plays an important role during orthodontic treatment. The occlusal plane affects the position of the mandible, smile esthetics, masticatory function, and stability post-orthodontic.
Objectives: To evaluate the relationship of anterior occlusal plane (AOP) and posterior occlusal plane (POP) with skeletal and vertical patterns.
Materials and Methods: Lateral cephalometric radiographs of 180 adult patients of different classes of malocclusion were used. Several angular measurements were measured and compared among all study groups to evaluate the existence of a relationship between AOP and POP with skeletal and vertical patterns.
Results: The skeletal patterns showed a significant difference in AOP angle relative to both SN and FH planes among all classes of malocclusion (p-value =0.000**) having a steeper inclined plane in Class II and flat inclined plane in Class III. While no significant difference was found in the POP angle relative to FH (p=0.217) among all classes of malocclusion. The vertical patterns showed a significant difference in both AOP and POP relative to both SN plane and FH plane (P=0.000**) among the three vertical pattern groups showing steep incline planes in high angle group.
Conclusions: The occlusal planes were found to have an impact on the jaw base where the variation in its angulation of different occlusal planes had affected both sagittal and vertical facial patterns. AOP relative to SN and FH were steeper in Class II and flat in Class III, while the POP relative to FH showed the same value in Classes II and III.