Introduction: Molar–incisor hypomineralization is a developmental enamel defect affecting first permanent molars and incisors. The intake of antibiotics during pregnancy and early childhood has been associated with molar incisor hypomineralization.
Objectives: Was to determine the effect of amoxicillin on the secretory a stage of amelogenesis histologically and histomorphometrically.
Materials and methods: Fourteen pregnant rats were randomly assigned to two groups that received physiological solution (control group), 250 mg/kg/day amoxicillin (study group). Directly after birth, fourteen pups representing each group received the same treatment with dose equivalent to their body weight then they were euthanized at day 7 birth. The ameloblasts of developing molars were examined histologically and histomorphometrically.
Results:In day 7 after birth, the ameloblasts in control group revealed normal features of amelogenesis while in study group, numerous vacuolar like structures were seen in between secretory ameloblasts.
Conclusions: Amoxicillin disrupts the normal structure of enamel and impairs the secretion of enamel matrix