This Study aims to shed light on the concept of open access, and its impact on the roles of Central Libraries at Egyptian universities in general and the New Central Library at Cairo University in particular, the detection of the extent of the involvement of the new Central Library in the open access movement, and Observing the activities performed by the Central Library in open access movement advocacy and its role to promulgate awareness of the importance of open access and its mechanisms to the users, and the obstacles facing the open access to the Central Library, and finally a set of recommendations and proposals that help to establish a culture of open access to the academic community. The study depended on the Case Study method to achieve its goals. The information gathering tools are three main tools: Checklist, Observation, and Interview.