Introduction: Rhinoscleroma is a chronic granulomatous infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract. It affects the nose in the majority of patients, but the upper air passages, trachea, and bronchi may also be involved either with or without nasal granuloma.
Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of Rifampicin 300 mg twice daily for six weeks in treating histologically active rhinoscleroma patients. Evaluation of the drawbacks and side effects of Rifampicin used in the treatment of rhinoscleroma.
Patients and Methods: This prospective randomized descriptive clinical trial was conducted from January 2018 to December 2019 on 20 patients diagnosed clinically and histopathologically as rhinoscleroma scheduled for treatment and received the usual regimen given for free by the Ministry of Health in Egypt; Rifampicin 300 mg twice daily one hour before meals for six months.
Results: The impact of medical treatment with Rifampicin on histopathological examination after treatment showing that only 25% of cases are cured.
Conclusion: Rifampicin is a less effective and safe drug in the treatment of active rhinoscleroma. Clinical assessment and histopathological examination are nearly correlated and could be used as a parameter in follow-up and assessment.