This study aimed to estimate the relative magnitude of genetic components and combining ability for resistance to stripe and leaf rust diseases. Seven bread wheat (Thaw; aestfrum L) cultivars namely, Salcha 61, Sakha 93, Giza 163, Giza 164, Giza 168, Gemmeiza 9 and Sids 1 were crossed in a half diallel set. Parents and F_its were grown in space — planted experiment in 2001/2002 season at Sakha Agric. Res. SM. Significant genotypic variation for stripe and leaf rust resistance was observed. General combining ability (GCA) for the two traits was larger than specific combining ability (SCA), with 2 GCA / (2GCA + SCA) values of 0.97 and 0.96 for leaf and stripe rust, respectively. Combining ability analysis and estimates of the genetic components from the diallel, indicated that primary part of the genetic variability for the rust traits was associated with additive gene action. However, dominance effects also appeared to be involved in the inheritance of the two traits. The additive gene action was larger in its magnitude than dominance, resulting in average degree of dominance (H_I/ D) less than one for both baits, indicating partial dominance. The F value was positive and significant for stripe rust, indicating an excess of dominant alleles compared with recessive alleles, while the opposite was shown for leaf rust. The direction of dominance was towards resistance for stripe rust and susceptibility for leaf rust. Broad and narrow senses heritability values were high for the two studied traits. Results suggested that early generation selection for both tharacters would be effective for improving these characters within the studied material.