This research work was conducted mainly to find out the Impact of the new spinning technology, i.e. the compact spinning system on the yam quality parameters as compared to those of yams spun on the conventional ring spinning system in current use in the spinning industry. The mechanism of Compact spinning is narrowing and decreasing the width of the band of fibers which come out from the drawing apparatus before it is twisted into yam, and the elimination of the twisting triangle. This causes the fiber stream in the form of the flat band of fibers to be condensed into a compact fiber stream with increased the attached points between the fibers. The materials used included; (1) six Long-Staple cotton varieties grown in Upper Egypt and Delta, chosen to produce 30s and 40s count yams spun at three different twist multipliers; 3.2, 3.6 and 4.0, (2) four Extra-Long Staple cotton varieties and also, Giza 86, used to produce extra fine carded yams i.e., 60's, 80's and 100's at 3.6 twist multiplier. The yams spun on the compact spinning system are characterized by higher tenacity, higher elongation at break, smaller mass irregularity measured at short segments, and significantly lower hairiness in comparison with yams spun on the conventional ring spinning frame. For the Long Staple Egyptian cotton varieties, the breaking force or single yam strength of the compact yam (with a nominal linear density of 40 Ne spun from Long-Staple cottons) was 17.63% higher than the conventional ring spun yam, while for the Extra-fine carded yarns spun from Extra-Long Staple varieties (it was around 7.0%). This means that, the compact spinning system is more useful for Long Staple cottons and coarse and medium counts than for the Extra Long Staple cottons and finer counts.