The pesticides Furathiocarb (Dettanet), Pirimiphos-methyl (Actellic), Tedifol (Kelthane ^-Diodfor+Tedion), the insect growth regulators (IGR), Buprofesin (Applaud), the mineral oils, 1.2 and Schocrona, the liquid detergents, Nastabon and Oki and the natural vegetative oil isolated from black cumin seeds as well as certain binary mixtures were evaluated for their toxicity to the green peach aphid, Myzus persica (Sulz.) [under laboratory conditions] and their efficiency against the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypil Glover [under field conditions]. Laboratory bioassay tests on aphid adults showed the highest toxicity effect resulted from Furathiocarb followed by Firimiphos-methyl (LCSO values: 32 and 150 ppm, respectively). The tested mineral oils were 28-33 times less toxic than Furathlocarb, while it was nearly 5-6 times more toxic than the vegetative oil. The detergent, Nastabon was more toxic than Old. For the joint action of pesticides / alternative combinations (1: 10), the tested mineral oil (KZ oil) or the vegetative oil improved the toxicity of the pesticides. The effect was more pronounced with Tedifol (synergistic ratios: 80 and 41.18, respectively). Field experiments indicated that Furathiocarb was highly effective against adults of A. gossypii on cotton plants (100% initial kill and 93.5% average of reduction) Buprofesin gave a moderate efficacy. A reasonable activity against aphids on cotton and squash plants was obtained by mineral or vegetative oils (initial kill ranged 78-99 and 78.5-93.1%, and average of reduction ranged 64.65­75.6 and 61.3-73.8%, respectively). For detergents, a considerable initial activity and moderate residual effect were observed on cotton and 'squash plants. The efficacy of Furathiocarb alone did not differ from that of mixed with alternatives. This result is of great importance since reduced doses of the insecticide may reduce their hazards.