The present study was conceived in an effort to investigate: 1-The genetic, phenotypic and environmental variances and covariances among traits in an intraspecific population generated from a cross between two Egyptian cotton cultivars, Giza 45 (extra long staple ELS) and Giza 75 (long staple LS). 2- The magnitudes of the genotypic and phenotypic correlations between traits. 3-Compare the relative efficiencies of nine selection procedures measured in terms of the expected and realized response to selection. A field trial was carried out at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, A.R.C., Egypt during 2000-2002 growing seasons. The results indicated that F4 means were higher than those of F3 for all studied traits except seeds/boll. Maximum realized genetic advance for lint yield was achieved using the direct phenotypic trait selection for lint/seed (Ix₃). The selection index, I_n exhibited the highest predicted genetic advance from F3 to F4 for lint yield trait. From F4 to F5 the predicted genetic advance of lint yield exhibited maximum values using the index Ixw. Also, maximum predicted responses to selection for lint percentage and seed index in F4 generation were achieved using the direct phenotypic trait selection for lint/seed and seeds/boll, respectively.