The objective of this paper is to study, with regard to cotton yield and quality, the improvement trends in the Egyptian cotton, and to know where we are and where we need to go in order to meet the requirements of both producers and spinners. Established varieties as well as new promising crosses belonging the two categories of the Egyptian cotton were studied. These included: 1. Four varieties and two promising crosses belonging to the Extra Long Staple cottons category. 2. Three varieties and two promising crosses belonging to the Long Staple cottons category. From the breeding perspective, new varieties should always be "available" as better substitutes for commercial varieties. From textile and commercial perspective, available substitute will depend on the probable profit potential of a new variety. It was observed that the strains of the crosses Giza 89 X Giza 86 and Giza 89 X Pima S6 almost significantly appeared to be the highest strains in seed cotton yield, 9.9 and 9.7 C/F respectively. They almost exceeded the yield of the commercial varieties belonging to the Long Staple category, Giza 85, Giza 86 and Giza 69. The promising cross G. 84(G. 74 X G. 68) is of much higher fiber strength which compensated for its relative shortness in fiber length having yam of high level of strength. The promising crosses G. 84(G. 74 XG. 68) and G.77X Pima 56 were produced to meet the requirement of fine yarn producers and may therefore; replace Giza 70 and Giza 45 in commercial production.