Rodent species were surveyed in three locations differed in their ecosystem (poultry farms, stores and houses) at Quesna district, Menofia Governorate. Also, sex ratio and the embryos number per pregnant females were studied. Results showed that two rodent species were trapped from the three tested locations; Norway rat Rattus norvegicus and roof rat Rattus rattus. The highest number of the trapped rats was recorded for poultry farms followed by houses while the lowest number was found in case of stores. Norway rat was the most dominant species in poultry farms and rural houses but roof rat was the prevalent species in stores. On the other hand, the reproduction activity of both rodent species was recorded in high potential during the period from April to November as well, females ratio, pregnant females percentage and the number of embryos per female reached the maximum in these periods. Although the females ratio was more for roof rat than Norway rat, the rate of embryos number / female was higher for Norway rat than roof rat