This Research deals with the economic effects of the fragmentation of agricultural land on the productivity and yield of the wheat crop in Gharbia Governorate. This Research was limited to studying these effects on the Gemmiza 11 species in Gharbia Governorate. A sample of 140 farmers was selected, The 78 farmers each with less than 78 acres of land, the second consists of farmers with holdings of less than 2 acres per acre of 43 farmers, and the third holding category includes farmers with holdings of one acre The study aimed to evaluate these possessive categories to reach the best knowledge that achieve the highest rates of productivity and economic efficiency. A comparison was made between the three possessory categories according to the items of production costs, The results of the variance analysis showed that there was a significant difference of 0.01 among the three possessory categories in all production cost items. It was found that the variable production costs amounted to about 4492, 3655 and 3267 pounds per feddan in the first, second, In other words, production costs are reduced when moving from a small storage category to a larger storage category, due to the principle of capacity savings. By measuring the economic efficiency of the most productive elements affecting the production of the wheat crop (Gemmiza 11) in the three possessive categories, it was found to be positive and greater than the correct one for all the productive components of the production function models in the three possessive categories. By increasing the amount of these productive elements when used to the extent that they achieve economic efficiency. A study of the most important problems and obstacles faced by wheat growers in Gharbia Governorate by identifying them through the personal interview with the farmers of the sample of the field study and their survey revealed that there are many problems and obstacles such as productivity problems related to production and other marketing related to marketing. The increase in prices of fertilizers and pesticides, the rise in the prices of new varieties of crops, the decrease in the productivity of feddan and the erosion of covered agricultural banks, or Marketing problems Vtmthelt the most important of these problems in the decline in net feddan yield compared to crop competition, low price ardebs wheat, the difficulty of delivery of the crop to the concerned authorities and finally price fluctuation and control traders in the markets.