Ocular complications are common in the critical care setting but are frequently missed due to the focus on life-saving organ support. In critically ill patients, normal eye protection mechanisms, such as tear production, blinking, and keeping the eye closed, are impaired. This study aims to: assess risk factors for ocular surface disorders among adult critically ill patients. Design: Exploratory research design. This study was carried in intensive care units at Assiut university hospital. Subjects: A convenience sampling of 60 adults patients. Tools: Two tools were utilized to collect data of study, tool I: Patient assessment sheet. Tool II: Risk factors assessment sheet. Method: The researcher assessed risk factors, eye lid closure and occurrence of ocular surface disorders. Results: The exposure of adult critically ill patients to ocular surface disorders was high related to right eye were 51% in 7th day, related to left eye were 48% in 5th day. Regarding type of abnormalities in right eye, the result revealed that 80.8% were mixed in 6 th day and 3.2% were corneal abrasion in7th day. Conclusion: The study confirmed that important risk factors for ocular surface disorders in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients were: lagophthalmos, level of consciousness, mechanical ventilation, sedation and muscle relaxant, length of ICU stay, fluid misdistribution and respiratory microorganism. Recommendation: It is necessary to disseminate protocols and guidelines for eye care in ICU patients to reduce the risk.