Background: Children in the critical care setting are at high risk of malnutrition due to the nature of their illness, stressors and their hyper-metabolic state So, the present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of training program on nurses, knowledge and practice about total parental nutrition of critically ill child. Research Design: quasi-experimental design was utilized in the present study. Subjects: Convenience sampling of 30 nurses from the intensive care unit at Assuit university children hospital. Tools of data collection: Three tools included: personal characteristics of nurses, nurses' knowledge and observational checklist regarding total parenteral nutrition of critically ill child. Results: There were statistically significant difference between nurses' knowledge and practice pre, immediate and post training program. Conclusion: Nurses had lack of knowledge and some unsafe practices regarding total parenteral nutrition, however, the training program showed a positive impact in improving nurses' knowledge and practice regarding total parenteral nutrition of critically ill child. Recommendations: the researchers recommended that the booklet program should be applied in similar settings to validate and improve nursing care related TPN of critically ill patients in children hospitals.