Abstract Osteoarthritis is common joint disease affecting older people, causes disability and reduced life quality. Aim determine effect of self-efficacy management program on achieve and improvements of pain and physical health. Subjects and method: Systemic random sample of 80 elders aged 60 yrs and old, divided into two equal groups (study and control). This study conducted from end of July 2012 to end of August 2013 at orthopedic outpatient clinics of Assiut University Hospital. Assessment conducted at the beginning, then after 8th weeks and 6th months from training, study tools included structure interview questionnaire, SF-36 questionnaire, pain rating scale, timed up\go test and arthritis self-efficacy scale. Results: At posttest; 77.5% of study group had a poor physical health with not a statistically significant (P = 0,785) and 55.0% of them had fair mental health with a statistically significant (P = 0.043). Moreover, statistically significant difference (P < 0.022) observed between pre and post test among study group regarding time up\go test. Conclusion: Osteoarthritis knee program have a significant impact on elderly physical activity, However, post-test assessments of study group indicate that significant improvements regarding their self-efficacy. Recommendation: Osteoarthritis elders should participate in self-management programs and physical activity consistent with national guidelines.