Abstract: Background: Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) consider the golden treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Aims: To evaluate the effect of pre-operative nursing instructions on the potential post-operative complications after TURP. Study design: A quasi-experimental research design (study-control) was utilized. Setting: Assiut Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Assiut University. Subjects: Eighty male patients undergoing TURP. Tools: Two tools were utilized for data collections including the following: Tool I: Patient assessment sheet: it contained demographic data, pre-operative clinical data, and assessment of postoperative complications. Tool II: Patient's knowledge questionnaire. Results: the age of the majority of the patients in both study and control groups (95% and 92.5% respectively) and was between 50-65years old for study and control groups. The main pre-operative symptoms were terminal dribbling and inability to empty the bladder (75% and 67.5%) among the study group and (72.5% and 70% respectively). A significant differences between both groups regarding the total knowledge and postoperative complications (P = 0.001* and r.= - 0. 720). Conclusions: Pre-operative nursing instructions improve patients' knowledge and reduce the rates of TURP complications Recommendations: Routine use of pre-operative nursing instructions for patients undergoing TURP.