Background: Chest trauma remains to show a high incidence in the emergency room among trauma patients. The Nurse is involved with the care of the trauma patient from arrival in the emergency department to follow-up in the trauma clinic. The aim of this study was to assess Factors Affecting Nurses Compliance Regarding the Care of Patients with Chest Trauma. Design: a Descriptive Study. Setting: This study was carried out in the emergency trauma unit at Assuit University Hospital. A sample: of this study were all available nurses working in the emergency trauma unit at an Assuit University Hospital (40). (Tools): two tools used in this study Tool I: nurses self-administer question part: I demography data part: II Factors Affecting Compliance Tool II: Nurses Compliance Assessment sheet. Results: all of the studied stated that didn't have with (clear job description, oriented or continuous training courses, also no written information such as (poster, brochure). not have library equipped new books, Journal websites to update their knowledge and practical skill regarding the care of patients with chest trauma. not receiving any Undergraduates courses and no financial resources in the chest trauma unit. Conclusion: all of the nurses did not have clear job descriptions, oriented or continuous training courses. Recommendations: Provide the nurse with a clear job description Update their knowledge and practical skill nurses about chest trauma, Undergraduates courses about chest trauma continue, and financial advantages in the trauma unit.