Background: Preterm delivery account for 75% of perinatal mortality and more than half the long-term morbidity. Although most preterm babies survive are at risk of Neuro developmental impairments and respiratory complications. Aim of the study Determine the effect of risk factors and habits on preterm labor. Methods & materials: Descriptive research design conducted in labor ward of Obstetrics &Gynecology department, Women's Health Center, from the first of December 2012 to the end of May 2013, Convenience sample were 420 cases. Tools used; structured interviewing questionnaire sheet. It included Personal, Obstetrical, Medical history, risk factors, risky habits of preterm delivery .Results: The socio-demographic characteristics Show that mean age was (28.1±5.7), Concerning to risk factors associated with pregnancy,(29.8%) had preterm premature rupture of membrane, (20.2%) had previous preterm delivery, Risk habits,(61%) of the husband pregnant women had heavy smoke. (21.4%) had a medical disorders such as (8.3%) had diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: Many risk factors and habits such as previous preterm delivery, preterm premature rupture of membrane, smoking remains the most accurate predictors for subsequent preterm delivery. Recommendations: Women should be counsel about nutrition, rest, antenatal visit .