Polygamy is one of the most important issues that stir up controversy among scholars. Islam is neither the first religion to establish polygamy, nor does it make it obligatory upon its followers. Rather, this law was truly found before the advent of Prophet Muhammad, with no conditions to regulate it. Judaism is a case in point; it allowed polygamy and did not set a certain number for the maximum number of women man is allowed to get married to. Neither the Torah nor the Talmud contains any single text that declares polygamy prohibited, a point that is supported by the fact that most of the Prophets mentioned in the Torah were polygamous. This study is made up of an introduction, four topics and a conclusion. As for the introduction, it highlights the significance of the study, its limitations and the methodology adopted in it. Topic One examines the legitimacy of polygamy in Judaism while Topic Two answers the question, "Is polygamy prohibited or obligatory in Judaism?" Topic Three then attempts to cover the point that the Prophets mentioned in the Torah , were polygamous, whereas Topic Four covers the point on the disadvantages of polygamy in Judaism. The Conclusion then covers the most important findings of the study .