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The Titles of Trustworthy Seal Bearer in Ancient Egypt until the End of the Middle Kingdom

Article

Last updated: 24 Dec 2024

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Abstract

There is no doubt that especially during Ancient Egypt the titles of officials are a major source of information about their careers and their duties in the state administration and service to the king and his family. During the last few decades, there has been general agreement in the understanding of many of the most frequently occurring titles. It is no wonder that many officials of the Government were concerned about its function. There were attached to almost every department of the public service, as well as to all the religious institutions of the country; and even wealthy noblemen, usually had one or more of these seal bearer" in their household. Often times, title was held by officials and nobles as an honorary title. In ancient Egypt, many high-ranking members of the royal government bore the title “xtm(w) kfA-ib" which means “Trustworthy Seal Bearer". The person who bore of course was a trusted person, this title played an administrative role and its term had variant derivatives and functions associated with it.
The proposed research, therefore, aims to study the titles of the trustworthy seal bearer, in addition to its terms and determinatives, interpret them linguistically, identifying the role of the seal bearer through textual and scenery sources, counting the most important employees who bore the title until the end of Middle Kingdom, shedding light on the titles that accompanying the holder of the seal and deducing the nature of the powers and competence of seal bearer from them.

DOI

10.21608/jaauth.2022.147120.1373

Keywords

xtm(w)/ xtm(y)-nTr, kfA-ib, trustworthy, seal bearer and god’s seal bearer

Authors

First Name

Mohamed Refaat

Last Name

Mohamed

MiddleName

رفعت

Affiliation

Ismailia

Email

mohamedrefaat@tourism.suez.edu.eg

City

Ismailia

Orcid

-

Volume

22

Article Issue

3

Related Issue

34562

Issue Date

2022-06-01

Receive Date

2022-06-28

Publish Date

2022-06-01

Page Start

120

Page End

149

Print ISSN

1687-1863

Online ISSN

2682-4612

Link

https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_246556.html

Detail API

https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=246556

Order

233

Type

Original Article

Type Code

997

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Journal of Association of Arab Universities for Tourism and Hospitality

Publication Link

https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

The Titles of Trustworthy Seal Bearer in Ancient Egypt until the End of the Middle Kingdom

Details

Type

Article

Created At

22 Jan 2023