Diabetes mellitus is a common and growing global health problem leading to several complications.  Twenty two saliva samples were aseptically collected and cultured from patients at a public health clinic at Ismailia city, Egypt.  Gram positive non spore forming bacilli were detected in 27 per cent of samples in two populations consisting of sixteen diabetic patients (three patients of type 1 and thirteen patients of type 2) and six non diabetic patients.  Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A streptococcus), Streptococcus agalactia (Group B streptococcus), and Enterococcus faecalis were isolated from diabetic patients by 36 %, 13%, 4% and 4% respectively. Pseudomonas  aeruginosa was detected in four per cent in non diabetic patients.