Background: Vitamin D endocrine system controls calcium homeostasis and bone metabolism in addition to cellular proliferation and differentiation. Several new studies have publicized that calcitriol which represent the active form of vitamin D is involved in hematopoiesis. Furthermore, vitamin D receptor (VDR) mediates vitamin D activity. Therefore VDR gene has been proposed as one of the candidate genes for anemia. Aim: Study relationship between low hemoglobin level as the first cause for anemia and (ApaI and TaqI) polymorphisms of VDR gene in terms of genotype and allele in unrelated normal healthy individuals without chronic kidney diseases of Egyptian population. Subjects and methods: A case-control study including 130 unrelated Egyptian donors (81 cases and 49 controls) deprived of chronic kidney diseases was designed to check the relationship between VDR gene polymorphisms and low hemoglobin level. Two SNPs [ApaI (rs7975232) and TaqI (rs731236)] were typed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Results: Analyses using codominant, dominant, and recessive models failed to reveal any significant association between both (ApaI and TaqI) polymorphisms and anemia in terms of genotype and allele for the covariates (age, blood hemoglobin level, age at menopause (For women), educational level, ethnicity, medical history, serum ferritin and iron). Conclusion: VDR gene polymorphisms have no effect on anemia in Egyptian population without chronic kidney disease. Further study on the association between polymorphisms of VDR gene and anemia, a potential study design, use of large number of samples, and additional markers would improve the validity and reliability of findings.