The study was aimed at discussing the challenges facing the development at the Suez Canal axis   The first section dealt with a set of concepts and terms that define the Suez Canal region and its geographical location, the geography of the Suez Canal, the term economic zone of the Suez Canal Authority and the main objective of its establishment, and the term of the Suez Canal axis from the researcher's perspective, and finally the intertwined and interrelated relations between them. The second section of the study dealt with the main internal challenges facing sustainable development at the Suez Canal axis, and the section faces the problem of financing the construction of the new Suez Canal, the scarcity of water and energy resources and their vital role in life and economic activities. In addition to terrorism, the government's efforts to face all challenges. In the third section, the most prominent external challenges that afflict Egypt through the political and security parts, including the Yemen problem, the Bab al-Mandab Strait, Somalia, maritime piracy, Iran, and the Strait of Hormuz, were addressed. As for the economic part, it included the sea and land roads, and the competing railways of the Suez Canal, in addition to the China project and the Silk Road. Finally, the study dealt with the most important recommendations that would enhance and support the method of facing these challenges (internal and external) from them, to stabilize and continue managing sustainable development plans.