Fingerprints have been used as an accurate method for personal identification for a long time. The present work was carried out to screen fingerprints patterns in different ABO/Rh blood groups and study their role in sex determination in a selected sample of Egyptian population. This study was carried out on 200 healthy undergraduate medical students in Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University. Blood samples were collected and analysed for ABO/Rh blood groups. Fingertip imprints of both hands were taken on white A4 paper using black washable ink. A magnifying hand lens was used to detect the pattern of all fingers. The most common type of fingerprints patterns was ulnar loop in both genders with a statistically significant difference between males and females in right index, right middle finger, and left ring finger distribution patterns. Right-hand fingerprints patterns may have more suggestive value for sex determination than left-hand in Egyptian population. There was a high statistically significant difference between males and females in “O+ and “B+" blood groups with a highly statistically significant difference in fingerprints patterns distribution in “A+, O- and AB-" blood groups. Moreover, there was association between fingerprints patterns distribution in “O-. B+, B-, AB+" blood groups and gender differentiation. Gender prediction in certain blood groups may be possible based on fingerprints patterns. Digital patterns whorls, loops, and arches remain an important feature for the identification of gender and of possibly determining ethnic groups.