Background: Neonatal period, the first 28 days of life, is the most vulnerable time for the survival of newborn. Objectives: The aim of this work was analysis for cases with neonatal emergencies admitted to Al-Azhar Assuit neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) regarding their classification, aetiology, presentation, management &outcomes. Study design: The present study was conducted in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), pediatric department, Al-Azhar Assuit hospital; it is retrospective study from January 2019 to October 2019 and prospective study from November 2019 to   April 2020. Results: The neonates admitted in NICUs included in this study were subjected to bubble CPAP (27.2%), mechanical ventilation with blood transfusion (24%), procedure not required (14.7%), mechanical ventilation (13.4), bubble continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) with blood transfusion (10%), blood transfusion only (5.2%), , chest tube with mechanical ventilation (4.7 %) and lumbar puncture (0.9 %). Conclusions: Childhood mortality remains a significant global challenge and the commonest diagnosis during NICU admissions were respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) followed by Sepsis (Pneumonia, Meningitis, urinary tract infection (UTI), Disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC),and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)).

Keywords: Neonatal Emergencies - Neonatal Intensive Care Unit