Improving the conversion of lignocellulosic residues into bioethanol in this study entails two trends: process design and substrate adding mode. Two methods of process design, separated hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) were carried out to compare the efficient bioethanol production. Rice straw and manure were pretreated with Ca(OH)2 and further processed for SHF and SSF. Among both strategies, SSF in form of one-pot hydrolysis and fermentation design gave maximum ethanol production (200 mg/l) and bioconversion efficiency of 1.8% after 5 days of culturing at 30˚C. Substrate adding (batch and fed-batch) in the process design was applied in different modes. In batch fermentation, all working volume of substrates and medium was applied at the beginning of culture. In fed-batch fermentation, three substrate-feeding strategies were studied. The result showed that the fed-batch system with one-time feeding (75:25) was higher compared to other modes with ethanol production and bioconversion efficiency of 255 mg/l and 2.3%, respectively.