Lack of updated guidelines, misdiagnosis and lack of continuous education are the most common causes for unnecessary prescription of antibiotics. we designed a review and quantitative analysis to evaluate effectiveness of quality improvement process to avoid unnecessary prescription of antibiotics.
To generate high volume of ideas we chose to perform Brainstorming technique to find out the main problem. Then, using cause and effect diagram to find out the root causes for over prescription of Antibiotics. Finally, we used Pareto Chart to focus on the right cause to start with. The causes were:
• Lack of experience for physicians due to inactivity of continuous medical education.
• Absence of updated medical protocols to guide doctors through their diagnosis.
• Patient flow system malfunction.
Other finding from David Hyun, M.D., works on The Pew Charitable Trusts' antibiotic resistance project say that causes for high number of antibiotic prescriptions unnecessarily were:
• Patients and their family pressure.
• Time limited.
• Decision fatigue
• Uncertain diagnoses.
• Considering that other doctors are the problem.


Antibiotics are critical medication should be taken under physician's control. Undesirable use of antibiotics can cause antibiotic resistance. Based on our research results, we advise that:
1- Doctors are the only persons who entitled to prescribe Antibiotics.
2- Following good hygiene in daily life activities.
3- People should not share antibiotics together.
4- Patients' education about antibiotics is a must.
5- Using Personal protection aides.
6- Ensuring high level of sterilization in hospitals.