Background: A pterygium is a fleshy, wing-shaped growth from the conjunctiva, crossing over the limbus onto the cornea. The tissue is fibrovascular and can occur over the nasal or temporal cornea. It can be a bilateral process and asymmetric with one eye affected by a larger pterygium than the other.
Objectives: To compare between Subconjunctival injection of bevacizumab (Avastin) and conjunctival autograft in the treatment of primary pterygium.
Patients and Methods: This study was performed on 40eyes of 40 patients with primary pterygia of variable durations. The eyes were randomly classified into two equal groups: group A patients to be treated by Subconjunctival Bevacizumab (avastin) 0.2 ml (5 mg) for Primary Pterygium Excision, group B patients treated by conjunctival auto graft. Best corrected visual acuity, occurrence of recurrence, IOP and postoperative complications were compared. Patients were evaluated preoperatively then 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months after surgery. Eye photography was done before surgery and during the follow up period. This study was conducted at Department of Ophthalmology   Al-Azhar University Hospital and Kobry El Kobba Military Hospital, from August 2018 to July 2020.
Results: When the two groups were compared together, we found no statistically significant differences among them in multiple compared items, but the recurrence rate in group A (bevacizumab group) occurred in (10%), while in group B conjunctival auto graft no recurrence occurred and this was statistically insignificant difference among the 2 groups. There were no statistically significant differences regarding improvement in visual acuity, intraocular pressure change and postoperative complications among the two groups.
Conclusion: A single preoperative subconjunctival injection of bevacizumab had decreased the recurrence rate befor primary pterygium excision, but did not give a more desirable recurrence rate. On the other hand conjunctival autograft was more effective than bevacizumab in reducing the recurrence rate of primary pterygium after surgical excision.