Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections remain a significant problem worldwide particularly in underdeveloped countries. To develop cervical cancer, it is necessary to have a persistent infection with a high-risk or oncogenic HPV. Objectives: This study aimed to detect the HPV and its possible genotypes in cervical samples from some Egyptian female patients, histopathologically diagnosed to have cancer cervix; to guide the introduction of prophylactic vaccines. Patients and methods: Fifty women were recruited. Pap smears were taken and examined, followed by colposcopic examinations, pathologic examination, and HPV detection in cervical samples by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Then HPV genotyping of positive samples was done by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Results: HPV-DNA was detected in 40 % of patients. HPV 16 was detected in 25 %, HPV 31 in 20 %, HPV 11in 15 %, HPV 6 in 10 %, and HPV 18 in 5% of cases. About 25% (5/20) cervical cancer specimens exhibited multiple infections by HPV genotypes 16and 18, which showed a higher risk for development of cancer cervix. Correlations of age, age-specific prevalence, residence, multiple marriages, parity, contraceptives, and its duration, diabetes mellitus were statistically significant .while correlations of occupation, level of education, age at marriage, duration of marriage, recurrent and chronic infections, smoking, and family history of cancers were insignificant. Conclusions: The prevalence of HPV in cancer cervix was 40%.So, the association between HPV and the development of cancer cervix in the studied Egyptian women cannot be fully established. HPV infection was mostly (75%) in the form of single infections with HPV16, 18, 31, 11, and 6 genotypes. However, HPV infections in multiple forms, 16+18 genotypes were in 25% of positive cases.