Background: The increasing prevalence of obesity is becoming an important public health problem in childhood and presents numerous problems. Similarly to the risks of obesity in adulthood, childhood obesity is also a leading cause of pediatric hypertension associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Objective :This study was designed to compare the anthropometric measurements (height, weight, BMI, waist circumference) systolic and diastolic blood pressure, lipid profile (T.C, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C), fasting blood glucose, leptin level , visfatin level and correlation between musculoskeletal pain and weight, waist, BMI ,leptin an Visfatin level within obese children and non obese children. Patients and methods The study included two groups. Group (1) thirty age and sex-matched non-obese children were included as the control group.  Group (2) sixty healthy obese children aged 11–15 years. The case-control observational study was evaluated from December 2013 to  December 2014 with informed consent. A careful history and physical examination included anthropometric measurements in all subjects. Body weight, height and waist circumference were measured,  body mass index (BMI) was calculated (kg/m) as an index of overall adiposity. Children with BMI over their age- and sex-specific 95th percentile values were defined as obese children, and those with BMI <85 percentiles were considered non-obese . Joint site model was used in order to account for correlations between musculoskeletal pain and weight, waist, BMI, leptin an Visfatin level within obese children and non obese children. Results: The obese children showed higher significant difference in fasting blood glucose, TG, LDL-C, T.C, diastolic and systolic blood pressure and they had lower HDL-C  compared with non obese children. The study showed that no significant correlations  between anthropometric  indices (weight, height, BMI, and waist circumference), age ,systolic and diastolic blood pressure with  visfatin  in the obese group . There was no significant correlations were found between leptin, fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, HDL-C and LDL-C with visfatin  in the obese group , however positive  correlation  was found between visfatin and Triglycerides  . There was no significant correlations  between anthropometric indices , systolic, diastolic blood pressure and age with leptin  in the obese group . There was no significant correlations were found between FBS, Total cholesterol, Triglycerides, HDL-C, and  LDL-C with leptin  in the obese group  Significant correlations of hip pain, knee pain, feet pain and back pain  with weight, waist and BMI were found . Conclusion: Obesity has a significant impact on the health and well-being of these children and may contribute to ongoing health problems such as musculoskeletal pain and bone/joint dysfunction in later life.