Background: In recent decades, it is clear than any previous era that the morbidity and mortality is increasing in patients with liver tumors. This is either due to liver cirrhosis or metastatic secondaries from distant malignant tumors. With advanced development of diagnostic tools, it becomes more available to detect early the prevalence of such tumors and distinguish benign from malignant to modify the wellbeing and healthcare of many patients.
Objective: The study was carried out to evaluate reliability of dynamic contrast enhanced MRI in diagnosis of hepatic tumorswith pathologic correlation to achieve high accuracy diagnostic confirmation prior to the targeted treatment.
Patients and Methods: Forty patients were included, 25 males and 15 females. The age of the patients ranged from 26 to 77 years old and one patient was five months, with mean age ± S.D. “50.86 ± 15.46". They were referred from Tropical, General Medicine, General Surgery Departments as well as out-patient clinics to Radiology Department, New Damietta, Al-Azhar University Hospital during the period from August, 2011 to December, 2012. The patients underwent laboratory investigations and ultrasonography as a screening survey and then subjected to full MRI study including pre contrast imaging (T1 and T2 sequence), dual-echo (in and out) phase, diffusion-weighted images, heavy T2 and dynamic study. Histopathological study was done as confirmatory for the diagnosis. All examinations were done after obtaining informed consent, and parent's consent was obtained for the infant aged 5 months.
Results: The study showedthat the common hepatic tumor was HCC { solitary lesions (8 cases, 20%) and multicentric HCCs (6 cases, 15%)} followed by metastasis (8 cases, 20%), hemangioma (7 cases, 17.5%), dysplastic nodules (3 cases, 7.5%), cholangiocarcinoma and focal nodular hyperplasia (2 cases for each, 5%), hepatoblastoma, adenoma, regenerative nodule and benign lesions (1 case for each, 2.5%). Thirty three cases (82.5%) were prepared for histopathological correlation; The remaining 7 cases (17.5%) were excluded for biopsy which were diagnosed by MRI as hemangiomas and underwent follow up.
Conclusion: Magnetic resonance imaging has the advantage of achieving high resolution images of the liver without the use of ionizing radiation in diagnosis of liver tumors, and pathological study considered a mandatory final diagnostic tool for the conflict cases.