Background: Congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract represent the most common cause of end stage kidney disease in infant and children. Early detection of these changes allows timely initiation of more specific diagnostic studies, and of therapeutic interventions. Objective: This study was done to detect the incidence and risk factors of (CAKUT) in neonate. Patients and methods: This study was carried out on 390 neonates in the incubator of Al-Matariya Teaching Hospital and Al-Hussein University Hospital during the period from July 2014 to July 2015.All neonates were included except those with apparent congenital anomalies, surgical emergency orinborn errors of metabolism. All neonates after parent consents were subjected to full history, clinical examination and investigated by pelvi-abdominal ultrasound, serum creatinine level, and some cases subjected to more investigations in the form of computed tomography scan with intravenous urographin contrast medium, ascending cystourethrography and TC 99m DTPA dynamic renal scan.                                          Results: The overall incidence of congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract was 3.3%. Positive family history of renal anomalies together with maternal history of diabetes mellitus and maternal age above 35 years were considered predictors for renal anomalies by binary logistic regression. Conclusion: Congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) were major health issues and were the leading cause of ESRD in pediatric population.