Breast cancer (BC) is a chemotherapy sensitive tumor. Doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) is one of the most common chemotherapeutic drugs that used in breast cancer treatment. It intercalates with DNA and stops the replication process. And it was found that, following 48h of DOX treatment, cell death Increases in ER⁺ breast cancer cell lines. Here we investigated the effect of DOX treatment at the antiapoptotic BCL-2 and the proapoptotic BAX genes. Methods: MCF7 cell line was cultured in the appropriate media and treated with DOX for 48 hours. Then the expression levels of BCL-2 and BAX were investigated using qPCR. Results: the expression of BCL-2 showed a slight increase in its levels after treatment while BAX gene showed a striking increase (3.62 fold). Conclusion: our results was in line with previous studies showed that treatment with DOX induce apoptosis in MCF7 cells.