Agriculture will continue to be the main sector of the Egyptian economy, in terms of its contribution to Egypt's national product, and cereals are one of the most important food crops on which Egyptian society depends for calories, protein and fat. The research aimed at identifying the food gap, self-sufficiency ratio, average per capita and estimating the food security factors for the most important grain crops in Egypt during the period (2003-2018) and through study and analysis the research found: The total production of both wheat and maize crops has taken a statistically increasing general trend of about 115,101,000 tons per year, respectively, while rice crop production has taken a statistically declining general trend of about 102,000 tons per year during the study period. Domestic consumption of each crop has taken a statistically increasing general trend of about 530,384,000 tons per year, respectively. Domestic consumption of rice crops has taken a statistically decreasing general trend. The food security factors for the wheat and maize crop were estimated at 0.39,0.01 during the study period respectively. This indicates a decrease in the food security situation of these two commodities in Egypt. The food security factor for the rice crop was estimated at 0.98, indicating the strength of the food security situation from Egypt's rice crop. The research recommends that the agricultural area of food grain crops be increased and that horizontal expansion be taken by reclaiming new land.