Increase of fossil fuel consumption rate, depletion of conventional fuel, harmful pollutants increase, and global warming contribute to search about alternative fuels. The produced oil from non-edible jatropha seeds becomes the researcher's interest due to the higher price of edible oils. An efficient system for extracting the oil from Egyptian jatropha seeds has been designed, manufactured and tested. The designed screw press was to get the highest oil yield. Physical and chemical characteristics such as the extracted oil density, kinematic viscosity, flash point, heating value and cetane number were calculated. The extraction time of the oil from jatropha seeds was 30 minutes at a yield of 19%. Due to lower FFA of 2.7%, the extracted jatropha oil provided light color. As the temperature decreased, the density and viscosity of the extracted oil were decreased. The produced oil flash point was greater than crude diesel. The extracted jatropha achieved the calorific value of 39128 kJ/kg. Screw press extraction process increased jatropha biodiesel oxidation instability due to the content of oleic and linoleic acids.