Information regarding the use of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of udder and
teat affections is scarce in ruminant. The present study was conducted on 30 cows,
20 ewes and 45 does. The surgical affections of udder and teats were recorded in
10 cows, 5 ewes and 15 does. In normal udder, glandular parenchyma on
ultrasonographic examination appeared as homogenous and hyperechoic with
anechoic alveoli, the milk appeared with high pitched anechoic large areas. While
in the teat skin echoed strongly, the middle layer less echogenic than skin in a
homogenous, uniform pattern and the teat canal represented by extending area
between the two hyper-echoic lines forming anechoic lumen. In multiple
abscesses, the glandular parenchyma of udder appeared as multiple hyper-echoic
areas surrounded by hypo-echoic margin. In case of super numerary teats,
presence of hypo-echoic to an-echoic areas separated by hyper-echoic septa due
to each teat had separated milk cisternae. In case of complete teat obstruction,
presence of hyper-echoic obstructive mass which present in teat canal. In
conclusion, ultrasonography is a good tool for differential diagnosis of different
udder and teat affections.