Neonatal sepsis refers to infection occurring within the neonatal period i.e. the first 28 days of life for a term baby, and up to 4 weeks beyond the expected date of delivery in a preterm baby. Neonatal sepsis is still a major cause of morbidity and mortality during the first year of life.Assessment of risk factors and clinical profile of neonatal sepsis was done on 42 cases with blood culture proved neonatal sepsis of total 102 cases with clinically suspected neonatal sepis admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs) in El Menoufia and El Kalyoubia governorates hospitals versus 30 age and sex matched healthy controls. Complication during labour, Birth weight and Gestation age were the common risk factors were associated with the development of neonatal sepsis where Respiratory distress, Lethargy, Poor feeding, abdominal distension, Apnea and Cyanosis were the most common clinical signs represent clinical profile of neonatal sepsis.