To evaluate the effect of rice straw, farmyard manure and N fertilizer rates on vegetative growth, yield components and chemical composition of wheat crop (Triticum aestivum L.) grown on an alluvial soil and then study the effect of aforementioned factors on soil quality during the successive season of 2005/2006 a pot experiment was performed out at Meniat El-Nasr district, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt. Treatments were representing all combination of organic waste sources (control, rice straw (RS) and mixture of rice straw + farmyard manure (RS + FYM) were applied at the rate of 20 m³ fed^-1 and N fertilizer rates (0, half and all of recommended rate as sulfate, 20.5% N) in presence of the used soils collected after cotton and the other collected after rice in split- split plot design with three replicates.The obtained results could be summarized as follows: - Statistical analysis shows that the highest mean values of fresh and dry weights of wheat plant were occurred for the treatment of 20 m³ fed^-1 of RS with FYM (W2) + 37.5 kg N fed^-1 (N2 half nitrogen dose) at the 1^st and the 2^nd soil.            - Results reveal that means of N, P and K-uptake (g pot^-1) by wheat shoot of wheat were increased significantly with increasing of organic wastes rates (W0, W1 and W2) and nitrogen rates (N0, N1 and N2) at two soils under studied. The highest means of N, P and K -uptake at the 1^st and 2^nd soil respectively, produced from the additional of W2 (RS+FYM) at a rate of 20 m³ fed^-1 with N2 (37.5 kg N fed^-1 half dose). - Data show that the effect of rice straw (RS), rice straw RS with farmyard manure FYM and N fertilizer rates had a significant and an insignificant effect on grain weight (g pot^-1) and weight of 100 grains (g), respectively. - Application of (rice + FYM) mixture + 37.5 N kg fed^-1 had a positive effect onresidual soil-N, P and K (mg kg soil^-1) as well as organic matter (%) at two alluvial soils. The highest mean values of residual soil-N, P, K (mg kg soil^-1) and organic matter (%) obtained from plots that received 37.5 kg n fed^-1 (half n dose) plus (RS + FYM) mixture at a rate of 20 m³ fed^-1 were at the 1^st and 2^nd soil.