109532

Evaluation of Drainage Water Quality of El Hoks Drain at North Nile Delta, Kafr El-Sheihk Governorate, Egypt

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Last updated: 04 Jan 2025

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Abstract

There is a severe shortage in irrigation water supply in North Delta area, especially Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt. The shortage in fresh water supply in farmlands located on the tail end of irrigation canals has to be replenished by the available drainage water. So, the current work focused on assessing water quality of El-Hoks Drain for irrigation with respect to its contents of ammonium- N (NH4-N), nitrate-N (NO3-N), salts, dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), boron (B) and some heavy metals. Sixty water samples were collected from ten branch drains' discharge in El-Hoks Drain during winter (2017/018) and summer (2018) seasons. According to FAO (1985) and Egyptian standards (Law 48/1982), results showed that BOD, COD and NO3-N are the main pollutants, which BOD and COD values are classified between bad to slight and moderate, whereas, NH4-N and NO3-N values fall within the normal range for irrigation, but it is in the abnormal range based on the Egyptian standards. DO Values are in the normal range for irrigation according to Egyptian standards. Also, values of heavy metals Cu, Mn, Pb and Cd exceed the allowable limits for irrigation except Ni which falls within the normal range. B values in water samples fall between bad and good. Meanwhile, pH values ranged from 7.37 to 7.95, EC values ranged from 1.16 to 2.71 dSm-1, while SAR values varied from 5.74 to 8.64 which are suitable for irrigation and their values were higher in winter than in summer.

DOI

10.21608/jssae.2020.109532

Keywords

BOD, COD, Heavy metals, nitrate and water quality

Authors

First Name

M. S.

Last Name

El-Saka

MiddleName

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Affiliation

Environ. Res. Dept., Soils, Water and Environ. Res. Instit. (SWERI), Agric. Res. Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt.

Email

elsaka3@yahoo.com

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Orcid

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Volume

11

Article Issue

7

Related Issue

16485

Issue Date

2020-07-01

Receive Date

2020-07-11

Publish Date

2020-07-01

Page Start

291

Page End

297

Print ISSN

2090-3685

Online ISSN

2090-3766

Link

https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/article_109532.html

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https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=109532

Order

8

Type

Original Article

Type Code

889

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering

Publication Link

https://jssae.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

Evaluation of Drainage Water Quality of El Hoks Drain at North Nile Delta, Kafr El-Sheihk Governorate, Egypt

Details

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Article

Created At

22 Jan 2023